Refuges

Existing Arctic Refuges and Protected Areas

United States

Alaska National Wildlife Refuges System Map

Canada

Protected Areas in Nunavut. Environment Canada.

Protected Areas in the Northwest Territories. Environment Canada.

Arctic Sea Ice Refuge Proposals

“Managing Arctic Sea Ice.” Pfirman, Stephanie et al. Presentation at State of the Arctic Conference, March 2010. Arctic Research Consortium of the U.S.

“The Last Arctic Sea Ice Refuge.” Pfirman, Stephanie. The Circle 4: 2009, p.6

“Environmental Protection for Polar Waters: Proposals for Provisions for Inclusion in an environmental protection chapter of the mandatory Polar Code.” Antarctic and Southern Ocean Coalition, Earthjustice, WWF et al. 2011.

“Arctic Legal Regime for Environmental Protection.” Nowlan, Linda. IUCN Environmental Law and Policy Paper No. 44. 2001.

“UK Environmental Audit Committee Second Report: Protecting the Arctic.” 2012. House of Commons.

Submission by WWF to UK Environmental Audit Committee on Arctic Protection. 2012.

“Marine Transport Implications of the Last Arctic Sea Ice Refuge.” Brigham, L.W. American Geophysical Union, Fall Meeting 2010.