Kazakhstan
Kazakhstan Country Profile (World Bank)
Status under International Climate Change Law
- UNFCCC: signature (8 June 1992), ratification (17 May 1995)
- KP: signature (12 March 1999), ratification (19 June 2009)
o Quantified emission limitation or reduction commitment: To reduce GHG emissions by 15% by 2020 and by 25% by 2050 (from 1992 as base year)
- Vienna Convention: ratification (26 Aug 1998)
- Montreal Protocol: ratification (26 Aug 1998)
- LRTAP: ratification (11 Jan 2001)
- Energy Charter: ratification (18 Oct 1995)
- Energy Efficiency Protocol: ratification (18 Oct 1995)
- Espoo Convention: NA
- 2030 Commitment: 15% below 1990 levels (25% conditional) by 2030
- INDC summary – includes LULUCF and gases covered (Center for Climate and Energy Solutions 2015)
- INDC summary – includes adaptation and conditions for implementation (Climate Policy Observer 2016)
Federal Laws on Climate Change
Energy
- Carbon trading on the Kazakh Emission Trading Scheme (ETS): codified through an amendment to the Ecological Code law on 3rd December 2011 (and further regulated by 17 government decrees and 14 ministerial decrees).
- Law on Power Industry (2004): not available
- Law on Energy Saving (2011)
- About Support of Use of Renewable Sources of Energy [Legislative] No. 165-4 (2009)
Forests and Land Use
Environmental Impact Assessment
- Order of the Minister of Environmental Protection of the Republic of Kazakhstan, from June 28 2007 of No. 204-p. About approval of the Instruction for evaluating impact on the environment.
Others
- The Ecological Code of the Republic of Kazakhstan, No. 212 (2007)
National Plans, Programs and Initiative
- Concept of Ecological Security of the Republic of Kazakhstan 2004-2015: not available
- Concept of Transition of the Republic of Kazakhstan to Sustainable Development for the Period 2007-2024, Presidential Decree No 216 (2006): not available
- State policies and climate change mitigation planning in Kazakhstan (2010)
Government Documents
- Initial National Communication of Kazakhstan under the UNFCCC (1998) [English]
- Kazakhstan Second National Communication to the Conference of the Parties of the UNFCCC (2009) [English] [Russian]
- Intended Nationally Determined Contribution (INDC) (2015) [English]
- Kazakhstan Risk Governance Assessment And Policy Consultation (2009) [English]
Additional Resources
- Kazakhstan’s Priorities in Climate Change Process (Climate Change Coordination Centre)
- Kazakhstan Profile (Climate Action Tracker) (2015)
- Climate Change Strategies: Kazakhstan (Asia Regional Integration Center)
- The World’s Carbon Markets: A Case Study Guide to Emissions Trading (IETA) (2013)
- Climate Change Domestic Mitigation Policies in Kazakhstan: A Technical Economic Evaluation (Nazarbayev University Research and Innovation System) (2013)
- Lessons learnt from the UNDP-GEF project, “Kazakhstan — Wind Power Market Development Initiative (Global Environment Facility and UNDP) (2011)
- Publications
- Pandi Zdruli, Marcello Pagliai, Selim Kapur, Angel Faz Cano (Ed.), Land Degradation and Desertification: Assessment, Mitigation and Remediation, Springer, 2010.
- Bernauer, Thomas, and Tobias Siegfried. “Climate change and international water conflict in Central Asia.” Journal of Peace Research 49, no. 1 (2012): 227-239
- Salnikov, Vitaliy, Galina Turulina, Svetlana Polyakova, Yevgeniya Petrova, & Aizhan Skakova. “Climate change in Kazakhstan during the past 70 years.” Quaternary International (2014).
Summaries of legislation compiled from Nachmany, M., et al. 2014. “The GLOBE Climate Legislation Study: A Review of Climate Change Legislation in 66 Countries. Fourth Edition.” London: GLOBE International and the Grantham Research Institute, London School of Economics.
Updated as of: December 24, 2014